Media and Information Literacy and its Response to Disinformation and Propaganda

How do societies stay resilient in an age of disinformation?
This report explores Finland’s lifelong learning approach to media and information literacy as a quiet yet powerful answer to that question. Drawing on research, policy, and practice, it shows how education systems, public institutions, civil society, libraries, and media actors work together to strengthen people’s ability to navigate, question, and understand today’s information environment. Key actors include ministries, the National Audiovisual Institute, adult education organisations, universities, NGOs and libraries. 

With a particular focus on adults and older people, the report frames inclusion, collaboration, and research-based education as foundations of democratic resilience. While Finland’s approach rests on wide-ranging cooperation, significant challenges remain in reaching adult and older populations. The study points to inclusive learning, research-informed practice, and cross-sector teamwork as Finland’s most effective pathways to strengthening societal resilience.

About the Author

Dr Päivi Rasi-Heikkinen is Professor of Education at the University of Lapland, Finland. Her work focuses on media and information literacy, lifelong learning and digital inclu­sion, particularly among older adults. She has led and con­tributed to several national and international research pro­jects on media education and seniors’ digital competence.